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Systematic errors that distort the results of a study.
Bias = wrong measurement/selection; confounding = a hidden third factor.
The Epidemiological Triad
The classic model of disease causation and its use in outbreak control.
Levels of Prevention
Interventions applied at different points along the natural history of disease.
Endemic, Epidemic & Pandemic
Terms describing how much disease is present in a population.
Screening (Wilson's Criteria)
Testing apparently healthy people to detect disease early.
Sensitivity & Specificity
Measures of how well a diagnostic test performs.
Epidemiological Study Designs
The main designs used to study disease and its causes.