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Also known as: piles · haemorrhoidal disease
Symptomatic enlargement of the anal vascular cushions — bright-red painless bleeding on defecation, pruritus, prolapse, or (if thrombosed) acute pain. Internal haemorrhoids are graded I–IV. A very common, benign cause of rectal bleeding — but sinister causes must be excluded.
Constipation/straining, a low-fibre diet, pregnancy, ageing, and raised intra-abdominal pressure.
Conservative first-line
Guidelines change. If something here is out of date, tell us — we keep these current.
🚩 Report outdated / suggest update