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🌸 Gynaecology · Part 8 revision hub
Gynaecologic oncology
Everything you need to revise this Part in one place — the one‑page note for every concept, a rapid‑revision sheet, exam‑style questions that point you back to the right concept, flashcards, staged cases and viva practice.
5 concepts15 MCQs18 flashcards4 cases12 viva questions
📝 The plate wall
Every concept in this Part as a one‑page handwritten note. Open one to read it in full and zoom.
⚡ Rapid revision
The whole Part on one screen — read it the night before.
Endometrial cancer
- Unopposed estrogen drives hyperplasia, EIN and many endometrioid cancers.
- Postmenopausal bleeding requires evaluation and usually tissue sampling.
- FIGO 2023 integrates histology, LVSI and molecular class: POLEmut favourable, p53abn aggressive.
Cervical cancer and prevention
- Persistent high-risk HPV at the transformation zone causes CIN and cancer through E6-p53 and E7-Rb.
- FIGO 2018 stage IIIC means nodal disease: IIIC1 pelvic, IIIC2 para-aortic.
- WHO prefers primary HPV DNA screening where feasible and supports HPV vaccination, especially girls 9-14 years.
Adnexal mass classification
- Functional cysts often resolve; neoplasms are epithelial, germ-cell, sex-cord stromal or metastatic.
- Germ-cell tumours are younger and marker-rich; sex-cord tumours may be hormonal.
- CA-125 is not an average-risk screening test.
Ovarian cancer
- High-grade serous cancer often begins in the fimbrial tube and spreads transcoelomically.
- Symptoms are vague: bloating, early satiety, increasing girth, urinary frequency and bowel change.
- BRCA and Lynch risk need genetics thinking and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy discussion.
🎯 Single‑best‑answer MCQs
Pick an answer to see the explanation — and the concept to revisit if you missed it. Your answers are saved on this device.
Score 0 / 00 of 15 answered
Question 1
A 61-year-old has postmenopausal bleeding. What is the most important next principle?
Question 2
Which endometrial cancer molecular subtype has the best prognosis?
Question 3
Which risk factor most directly represents unopposed estrogen?
Question 4
Persistent high-risk HPV promotes cervical cancer mainly through:
Question 5
In FIGO 2018 cervical cancer, para-aortic lymph node metastasis is:
Question 6
A Pap report says HSIL. What confirms the tissue diagnosis?
Question 7
What is the preferred primary cervical screening test in current WHO guidance where feasible?
Question 8
Which statement about HPV vaccination is correct?
Question 9
WHO's primary HPV vaccination target group is:
Question 10
AFP elevation in an ovarian tumour most strongly suggests:
Question 11
Fibroma with ascites and pleural effusion is:
Question 12
A complex adnexal mass with sudden severe pain in a young woman should first raise concern for:
Question 13
The usual spread pattern of epithelial ovarian cancer is:
Question 14
Which marker pairing is correct?
Question 15
Risk-reducing surgery for a BRCA carrier after childbearing is best described as:
🃏 Flashcards
Say the answer out loud before you flip. Shuffle once you know the order.
Card 1 of 18
🩺 Staged clinical cases
Read the presentation, decide what is going on and what you would do — then reveal the reasoning.
Case 1 — Bleeding after menopause
Stage A: A 63-year-old with obesity and diabetes has one episode of vaginal bleeding 10 years after menopause.
Linked concepts: 37. Cancer of the Womb Lining
Case 2 — Postcoital bleeding
Stage A: A 42-year-old presents with postcoital bleeding and an irregular cervix on speculum examination.
Linked concepts: 38. Cancer of the Cervix and HPV, 39. Preventing Cervical Cancer
Case 3 — Young woman with adnexal mass
Stage A: A 19-year-old has acute pelvic pain and a 7 cm ovarian mass with echogenic material and calcification.
Linked concepts: 40. Lumps on the Ovary
Case 4 — Vague bloating in an older patient
Stage A: A 58-year-old reports 3 months of bloating, early satiety and increasing abdominal girth.
Linked concepts: 41. Ovarian Cancer and Its Clues
🎤 Viva practice
Answer aloud as if an examiner asked you — then check the model points.
Viva 1
Why is postmenopausal bleeding a red flag?
Viva 2
Name the four major endometrial molecular groups.
Viva 3
What is the key FIGO 2023 concept for endometrial cancer?
Viva 4
Where does cervical cancer usually arise?
Viva 5
What do HPV E6 and E7 do?
Viva 6
What is cervical stage IIIC1 versus IIIC2?
Viva 7
What does HPV vaccination not do?
Viva 8
Why is CA-125 not a screening test?
Viva 9
Which ovarian tumour is linked to Meigs syndrome?
Viva 10
What symptoms suggest ovarian cancer despite being vague?
Viva 11
What is the fimbrial-tube concept?
Viva 12
Which syndromes raise ovarian cancer risk?
Keep going
Educational only — not a substitute for clinical judgement, supervision, or local guidelines.