| ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist, NRHM 2005) | 1 per 1,000 population (1 per habitation in tribal/hilly/desert areas); woman resident of the village, preferably married/widowed/divorced/separated, aged 25–45, literate (preferably class 8/10); selected through the gram sabha; ASHA facilitator per 10–20 ASHAs | Activist (mobilising, VHSNC member secretary), link worker (escorting to facilities), service provider (first‑aid, ORS, zinc, IFA, contraceptives, RDTs for malaria, DOT provider, HBNC/HBYC, CBAC, home‑based care); performance‑based incentives + fixed monthly honorarium; drug kit; ASHA modules 1–7 and NCD training |
| Anganwadi worker (AWW) (ICDS, MWCD) | 1 per AWC (≈ 400–800 population in rural norms; mini‑AWC for smaller habitations) | Supplementary nutrition, growth monitoring, pre‑school education, nutrition and health education, VHSND co‑host |
| MPW (F) / ANM | 2 per SC (IPHS 2022) | ANC/PNC, immunisation, family planning (IUCD insertion), deliveries at designated SCs, newborn care, adolescent health, VHSND, record‑keeping (RCH portal), supervision of ASHAs |
| MPW (M) | 1 per SC | Vector‑borne and communicable disease control (fever surveillance, blood smears/RDTs), TB, leprosy, sanitation, water quality, IDSP S‑form reporting, NCD screening support |
| Community Health Officer (CHO) (mid‑level health provider) | 1 per AAM‑SHC; BSc Nursing/BAMS with Certificate in Community Health (6‑month bridge course, IGNOU/state universities) or BSc Community Health | Team leader: comprehensive primary care (12+ packages), NCD screening and follow‑up, treatment of common illnesses per protocol, teleconsultation (e‑Sanjeevani), dispensing, wellness activities, data (AAM portal), performance‑linked incentives |
| Health supervisors (LHV/MPW supervisors) | 1 per 4–6 SCs | Supportive supervision |
| Medical Officer (PHC) | 1–2 per PHC | Clinical, programme management, supervision, referral, teaching |