The reasoning: procedures
| Feature | Tubectomy | Vasectomy (NSV) |
|---|---|---|
| Techniques | Minilaparotomy (Pomeroy), laparoscopic (Falope ring) | No‑scalpel puncture; ligation/cautery of vas |
| Timing | Interval (within 7 days of menses or ≥ 6 weeks postpartum), postpartum (within 7 days), with caesarean, post‑abortion | Any time |
| Anaesthesia | Local + sedation, or spinal/general | Local |
| Effectiveness onset | Immediate | After azoospermia: semen analysis at 12 weeks; condoms until then |
| Complications | Anaesthesia, haemorrhage, injury to bowel/bladder, infection, ectopic pregnancy if failure, death (rare) | Haematoma, infection, sperm granuloma, chronic scrotal pain (rare) |
| Reversibility | Recanalisation possible but not assured | Vasovasostomy possible but not assured |