The reasoning: a defended core temperature
Heat balance: S = M − W ± R ± C ± K − E (stored heat = metabolic production − work ± radiation ± convection ± conduction − evaporation). Evaporating 1 L of sweat removes ~580 kcal (~2.4 MJ). Evaporation is the only route when ambient temperature exceeds skin temperature, and fails at high humidity — the basis of wet‑bulb temperature (WBGT) risk.