The reasoning: two equations run the alveolus
Alveolar ventilation equation: PaCO₂ = 0.863 × V̇CO₂ / V̇A (mmHg, mL/min STPD and L/min BTPS). At constant V̇CO₂, halving V̇A doubles PaCO₂. Alveolar gas equation (simplified): PAO₂ = FIO₂(PB − PH₂O) − PaCO₂/R. At sea level on air: 0.21 × (760 − 47) − 40/0.8 ≈ 150 − 50 = 100 mmHg.