Neonatal brain
| Condition | Imaging |
|---|---|
| Germinal matrix haemorrhage / IVH (preterm < 32 weeks, first week) | cranial US (IOC; anterior fontanelle): Papile grades I (germinal matrix), II (IVH without dilatation), III (IVH with ventricular dilatation), IV (periventricular haemorrhagic venous infarction) |
| Periventricular leukomalacia (preterm) | US: periventricular echogenicity → cysts at 2–4 weeks; MRI: white matter loss, irregular ventricular margins, thin corpus callosum → spastic diplegia |
| Term HIE | MRI (DWI days 2–5; conventional days 7–14): profound acute (near‑total asphyxia): ventrolateral thalami, posterior putamina, perirolandic cortex, hippocampi (loss of the normal PLIC signal); prolonged partial: parasagittal watershed cortex/white matter |
| Hypoglycaemic injury | parieto‑occipital cortex/white matter |
| Kernicterus | globus pallidus T1/T2 bright |