Part 1 · The Heart and Circulation
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The second heart sound, S2, has two parts: the aortic valve closing (A2) and the pulmonary valve closing (P2). When you breathe in, extra blood flows into the right side of the heart, so the right ventricle takes a moment longer to empty and P2 closes a little later. You hear a split: "da‑dub." Breathe out, and they join again. That is normal.
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