Part 11 · Neurophysiology II — Motor Control, Autonomic and Higher Functions
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Nuclei: striatum (caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens) — input; ~95% GABAergic spiny projection neurons (SPNs), plus cholinergic interneurons. GPe; STN (the only glutamatergic intrinsic nucleus); GPi and SNr — output (tonic GABA, ~60–80 Hz); SNc — dopamine. Parallel loops: motor (putamen), oculomotor (caudate → SNr → superior colliculus), associative (caudate, DLPFC), limbic (ventral striatum, ACC/OFC).
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