The reasoning: radius, branching and lung volume
Normal airway resistance (Raw) ≈ 1–2 cmH₂O·L⁻¹·s. In laminar flow R ∝ ηL/r⁴; in turbulent flow (trachea, large bronchi, high flows) driving pressure ∝ flow² and depends on gas density — the basis of heliox in upper‑airway obstruction. Most normal Raw lies in medium‑sized bronchi (generations ~4–8); the very numerous small airways (< 2 mm) contribute < 20% — the "quiet zone", where disease can progress silently.