Part 1 · General Physiology — Cell, Membrane and Body Fluids
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TBW ≈ 60% body weight in young adult men (≈50–55% in women; ≈75% in term neonates; lower in older people and with obesity, since adipose tissue is water‑poor). The cell membrane separates ICF (~⅔ TBW, 40% BW) from ECF (~⅓ TBW, 20% BW); the capillary endothelium separates interstitial fluid (~¾ ECF) from plasma (~¼ ECF). Transcellular fluids (CSF, synovial, ocular, GI secretions) are small but clinically relevant ("third‑space" losses).
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