| *An. culicifacies* | Malaria (rural; ≈ 60–70% of cases historically) | Clean water: irrigation channels, rice fields, ponds | Night | Indoor/outdoor; zoophilic | Main rural vector; resistance to DDT, malathion in many areas |
| *An. stephensi* | Urban malaria | Overhead tanks, wells, construction sites, cisterns | Night | Indoor | Invasive to Africa (2012 onward) |
| *An. fluviatilis* | Malaria in hills and forests (Odisha) | Slow‑flowing streams | Night | Indoor, anthropophilic | Efficient vector |
| **An. minimus, An. baimaii (dirus)** | Malaria in the north‑east | Streams (minimus), forest pools (baimaii) | Night | — | Forest malaria |
| *An. sundaicus* | Coastal malaria (Andaman) | Brackish water | Night | — | |
| *Aedes aegypti* | Dengue, chikungunya, Zika, yellow fever | Artificial containers with clean water (coolers, tanks, tyres, flower vases) | Daytime (peaks early morning, late afternoon) | Indoors, dark places | "Tiger mosquito"; urban; transovarial transmission; eggs resist desiccation for months |
| *Aedes albopictus* | Dengue, chikungunya | Natural and artificial containers; peri‑urban/rural | Daytime, outdoors | Outdoors | |
| *Culex quinquefasciatus* | Bancroftian filariasis | Polluted water: drains, cesspits, septic tanks | Night | Indoors | Most widely distributed |
| **Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. vishnui** | JE | Rice fields, ground pools | Night (dusk) | Outdoors | Zoophilic (feeds on cattle, pigs) |
| *Mansonia (M. annulifera, uniformis*) | Brugian filariasis (B. malayi, Kerala) | Ponds with aquatic plants (Pistia); larvae attach to roots for oxygen | Night | — | Control by removing Pistia |